什么是DES， DEC？

闲云野鹤

魁北克省是加拿大唯一采用6年制小学和5年制中学教育制度的省份。中学毕业生如果计划升读大学，可入读魁北克省公立学院(CEGEP)修读二年制的大学预科课程(Pre-University Program)，毕业后报考魁省的大学，修读三年便可取得本科学位。 预科第二年的程度等同其它省份的大学一年级的课程，所以毕业生也可投考他省或国家四年制大学的二年级。

CEGEP是魁北克教育制度的一个特色，提供介于中学与大学之间的两年普通教育或三年技术教育（相当于中国学制的高三和大学第一年），其学时和学分被国际承认，在这里读书，能够有机会与当地人分享着魁北克省多层次就业设置的实用性和优越性。

学前教育

学前教育（幼儿园）的目的是为儿童进入小学做准备。学前教育能使儿童受到管束和得到引导，有利于他的发展成长，使他逐渐习惯具挑战性的学习环境，以及让他获得有助于他学习成功的能力。尽管幼儿园不属于义务教育，但绝大多数合资格的儿童都报名参加。

小学教育

所有的6岁儿童都必须在小学注册，无论他上过或没上过幼儿园。小学教育为期六年。教育计划分成三个阶段，每两年为一个阶段。学习有困难的学生也同样能获得小学教育服务。

中学教育：普通教育

中学教育为期五年，一旦完成这个等级的学习，就能获得中学教育文凭（DES），之后便可进入高等教育。在中学教育的头三年为第一阶段，主要集中教授普通教育基础课程，在第二阶段的两年学习中，除了让学生继续接受普通教育外，还通过选修课的形式为他提供探索多种出路的机会，即学生可升入[大专]学院学习，或参加一项技术职业的职业训练。

中学教育：职业训练

职业训练课程是为了培养日后将从事各种专业化或半专业化技术职业的学生。通过这些课程，学生可获得职业教育文凭（DEP），即专业化职业证书（ASP）或职业训练证书（AFP）。职业教育的录取要求不尽相同，学习期限分别为一到两年，视不同课程而定。

普通教育与专科教育学院（ Cégep，相当于大专）与大学

学院（大专）教育

在 Québec（魁北克）的教育体系中，学院提供的大专教育是高等教育的第一等级。想要进入学院学习的学生必须持有中学毕业文凭（DES）或职业教育文凭（DEP）。普通教育与专科教育学院（ cégep，相当于大专）及某些私立学院给学生们提供下列选项：

为期两年的大学预科课程，为学生升入大学做好准备；

为期三年的科技教育课程，学生学成后将可从事技术员和工艺师的工作。在某些情况下，完成科技教育课程后也可升入大学学习。

DES：Diplôme d’Études Secondaires (D.E.S.)  中学毕业证书缩写  

* 如果学生在11年级拿不到DES，可到成教中心Summer School读高中毕业文凭课程来取得DES

AFP：职业培训证书缩写

DEP：Diplôme d’Études Professionnelles (D.E.P.)职业学习毕业文凭缩写, 英文简称DVS Diploma of Vocational Studies (DVS)

                 DEP is the acronym for “diploma of vocational studies” in French.
                 A DEP program can last anywhere from 600 to 1800 hours and prepares students to train in a profession to directly enter the job market.

ASP：Attestation de spécialisation professionnelle  专业化职业证书缩写，英文简称AVS Attestation of Vocational Specialization (AVS)

DEC：Diplôme d'études collégiales 大专毕业证书缩写  

       DEC is the acronym for “diploma of college studies” in French
                  There are 2 types of programs that can lead to a DEC:   
   

                         1- Pre-university programs. Two years in length for a total of four semesters, these programs prepare students for university studies.
                         2- Technical training programs. Three years in length for a total of six sessions, these programs allow students to directly access the work place.
   

* 魁省大学预科第二年程度=外省大学一年级，获取DEC后可报考魁省大学一年级或外省四年制大学二年级

AEC：大专结业证书缩写  AEC is the acronym for “attestation of college studies” in French.

            AEC programs are part of continuing education and are destined primarily for adults who wish to add value to their skill set or reorient their career. Based on DEC program curricula, AEC programs do not have general education courses like French, English or Philosophy. AEC’s are generally more flexible that DEC or DEP programs. Often offered during the evening , flexible class times allow students to maintain their professional endeavors and study at the same time.
With an acquired skills recognition system, program coordinators can give academic credit to a student’s prior professional experience. AEC programs can last anywhere between two and six semesters.


The three levels of education most popular with foreign students are: vocational training, college and university.

Vocational training


Vocational training is part of the secondary school education system and is available to both youth and adults. Students can enrol in vocational training after having successfully completed Secondary III or Secondary IV (9 or 10 years of schooling). Vocational training programs of study lead directly to the job market, with students receiving one of the following official diplomas:

• Diploma of Vocational Studies (DVS)
• Attestation of Vocational Specialization (AVS)
• Skills Training Certificate (STC)
  

Interested in vocational training? Consult the list of steps to take to study in Québec.


College


College-level education is provided by public institutions known as CEGEPs as well as by private colleges. Unique to Québec, this level may serve as a bridge between compulsory schooling (elementary and secondary) and university.
College-level institutions offer:

• 2-year pre-university education programs that ready students for university studies and lead to the Diploma of College Studies (DEC)
• 3-year technical training programs that ready students for the job market and lead to the Diploma of College Studies (DEC)
• technical training programs for adults that are under 3 years in length. These programs ready students for the job market by providing them with specialized training in a technical field and lead to an Attestation of College Studies (ACS)
  

University


University-level education is provided by universities and follows graduation from a pre-university education program at the college level. The structure of university education in Québec is similar to that found elsewhere in North America.
There are 3 levels of university studies:

• Bachelor’s (cycle 1), takes 3 or 4 years, depending on the subject
• Master’s (cycle 2), takes 1 or 2 years
• Doctoral (cycle 3), takes 3 years or more
  

https://cegepadistance.ca/en/hom ... -collegial-studies/

中英法对照缩写：

中文	英文	法语
中学毕业证书	SSD secondary school diploma	DES Diplôme d’Études  Secondaires
大专毕业证书	DCS Diploma of Collegial Studies	DEC   Diplôme d'études collégiales
职业毕业证书	DVS diploma of vocational studies	DEP Diplôme d’Études  Professionnelles